Life George Tyrrell

the stone erected @ grave of george tyrrell

tyrrell argued biblical scholarship , devotional reflection, such quest historic jesus, involves elements of self-conscious self-reflection. famous image, criticising adolf von harnack s liberal protestant view of scripture, of peering well, in see our own face reflected in dark water deep below:

christ harnack sees, looking through nineteen centuries of catholic darkness , reflection of liberal protestant face, seen @ bottom of deep well.

he argued pope must not absolute autocrat spokesman mind of holy spirit in church , base community termed it, of laity.

tyrrell disciplined under pope pius x advocating right of each age adjust historico-philosophical expression of christianity contemporary certainties, , put end utterly needless conflict between faith , science mere theological bogey.

he suspended sacraments following year , excommunicated in 1908. died following year, still considering himself devout catholic. tyrrell jesuit expelled jesuit general in twentieth century until spanish father general, pedro arrupe, expelled huub oosterhuis in 1969. modernism played major role in both cases.

with condemnation of modernism, first in 65 propositions of decree lamentabili sane exitu in july 1907 , in encyclical pascendi dominici gregis in september 1907, tyrrell s fate sealed. deprived of sacraments – described peter amigo, bishop of southwark, minor excommunication – robust criticisms of pascendi appeared in times on 30 september , 1 october 1907. in rebuttal of pius x s encyclical, tyrrell alleged church s thinking based on theory of science , on psychology seemed strange astrology modern mind. tyrrell accused pascendi of equating catholic doctrine scholastic theology , of having naïve view of idea of doctrinal development. furthermore asserted encyclical tried show modernist not catholic, succeeded in doing showing not scholastic.

he given extreme unction on deathbed in 1909, refused abjure modernist views denied burial in catholic cemetery. priest, friend henri brémond, present @ burial made sign of cross on tyrrell s grave, bremond temporarily suspended divinis bishop amigo time.

a near contemporary account places of blame disagreement between modern catholic philosophers , vatican on papal secretary of state, cardinal merry de val s irreconciliable , reactionary attitude .

according michael hurley sj, tyrrell s views in large part vindicated second vatican council.