History Movie theater

1 history

1.1 magic lantern shows
1.2 silent film
1.3 talkies

history

a 3 slide projector dissolve transition feature 1886.


magic lantern shows

the earliest precursors movies magic lantern shows. magic lanterns used glass lens, shutter , powerful lamp project images glass slides onto white wall or screen. these slides hand-painted. invention of argand lamp in 1790s, limelight in 1820s , intensely bright electric arc lamp in 1860s increased brightness of images. magic lantern project rudimentary moving images, achieved use of various types of mechanical slides. typically, 2 glass slides, 1 stationary part of picture , other part move, placed 1 on top of other , projected together, moving slide hand-operated, either directly or means of lever or other mechanism. chromotrope slides, produced eye-dazzling displays of continuously cycling abstract geometrical patterns , colors, operated means of small crank , pulley wheel rotated glass disc. still photographs used later on after widespread availability of photography technologies after mid-19th century. magic lantern shows given @ fairs or part of magic shows. magic lantern show @ 1851 world s fair caused sensation among audience.

silent film


the berlin wintergarten theatre site of first cinema, short silent film presented skladanowsky brothers in 1895.



l idéal cinéma @ aniche, opened on november 23, 1905, during silent film era, , oldest still-active cinema in world.

the next significant step towards movies development of understanding of image movement. simulations of movement date far 1828, when paul roget discovered phenomenon called persistence of vision . roget showed when series of still images shown rapidly in front of viewer s eye, images merge 1 registered image appears show movement, optical illusion, since image not moving. experience further demonstrated through roget s introduction of thaumatrope, device spun disk image on surface @ high rate of speed. french lumière brothers (louis , auguste lumière) first film, sortie de l usine lumière de lyon, shot in 1894, considered first true motion picture.

from 1894 late 1920s, movie theaters showed silent films, films no synchronized recorded sound or dialogue. in silent films entertainment, dialogue transmitted through muted gestures, mime , title cards, contained written indication of plot or key dialogue. idea of combining motion pictures recorded sound old film itself, because of technical challenges involved, synchronized dialogue made practical in late 1920s perfection of audion amplifier tube , introduction of vitaphone system. during silent films, pianist, theater organist, or in large cities, small orchestra play music accompany films. pianists , organists either play sheet music or improvise; orchestra play sheet music.

talkies


1908 poster advertising gaumont s sound films. chronomégaphone, designed large halls, employed compressed air amplify recorded sound.

a talkie or sound film motion picture synchronized sound, or sound technologically coupled image, opposed silent film. first known public exhibition of projected sound films took place in paris in 1900, decades passed before sound motion pictures made commercially practical. reliable synchronization difficult achieve sound-on-disc systems, , amplification , recording quality inadequate. innovations in sound-on-film led first commercial screening of short motion pictures using technology, took place in 1923. primary steps in commercialization of sound cinema taken in mid- late 1920s. @ first, sound films incorporating synchronized dialogue—known talking pictures , or talkies —were exclusively shorts; earliest feature-length movies recorded sound included music , effects. first feature film presented talkie jazz singer, released in october 1927. major hit, made vitaphone, @ time leading brand of sound-on-disc technology. sound-on-film, however, become standard talking pictures. 1930s, talkies global phenomenon. in united states, helped secure hollywood s position 1 of world s powerful cultural/commercial systems (see cinema of united states). in europe (and, lesser degree, elsewhere), new development treated suspicion many filmmakers , critics, worried focus on dialogue subvert unique aesthetic virtues of soundless cinema. in japan, popular film tradition integrated silent movie , live vocal performance, talking pictures slow take root. in india, sound transformative element led rapid expansion of nation s film industry.