Events 331 BC

1 events

1.1 place

1.1.1 macedonia
1.1.2 greece
1.1.3 italy
1.1.4 roman republic

events
by place
macedonia

alexander departs egypt , leads forces towards phoenicia. leaves cleomenes of naucratis ruling nomarch control egypt.
october 1 – alexander of macedonia victorious in battle of gaugamela (near ancient ninevah) on persian king darius iii. darius turns chariot , flees, although subordinates fight on. alexander pursues defeated persian forces arbela, darius escapes bactrian cavalry , greek mercenaries media.
alexander encounters first time war elephants, captures 15 persian elephants after battle in darius camp.
alexander becomes master of persian empire, ending achaemenid dynasty. babylon , susa open gates him. in capital, susa, alexander gains access huge treasures amounting 50,000 gold talents.

greece

while alexander fighting in asia, agis iii of sparta, profiting macedonian king s absence greece, leads of greek cities in revolt. persian money , 8,000 greek mercenaries, holds crete against macedonian forces. in peloponnesus routes force under macedonian general coragus and, although athens stays neutral, joined elis, achaea (except pellene) , arcadia, exception of megalopolis, staunchly anti-spartan capital of arcadia, agis iii s forces besiege.
alexander s regent antipater leads macedonians victory on king agis iii in battle of megalopolis.

italy

alexander of epirus takes heraclea lucanians, , terina , sipontum bruttii.
tarentum turn against alexander of epirus when realize intends create kingdom of own in southern italy. alexander defeated , killed in battle of pandosia on banks of acheron.

roman republic

the gallic tribe of senones , romans conclude peace , enter upon period of friendly relations lasts rest of century.