Black and white negative processing Photographic processing

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black , white negative processing chemical means photographic film , paper treated after photographic exposure produce negative or positive image. photographic processing transforms latent image visible image, makes permanent , renders insensitive light.




the washing time can reduced , fixer more removed if hypo clearing agent used after fixer.



once film processed, referred negative.


the negative may printed; negative placed in enlarger , projected onto sheet of photographic paper. many different techniques can used during enlargement process. 2 examples of enlargement techniques dodging , burning.


alternatively (or well), negative may scanned digital printing or web viewing after adjustment, retouching, and/or manipulation.


in modern automatic processing machines, stop bath replaced mechanical squeegee or pinching rollers. these treatments remove of carried-over alkaline developer, , acid, when used, neutralizes alkalinity reduce contamination of fixing bath developer.








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