History Capital punishment in Norway

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1 history

1.1 use
1.2 modern use
1.3 european convention on human rights
1.4 constitutional prohibition





history
early use

in addition usual capital crimes of murder , treason, medieval norwegian law demanded execution of people found guilty of witchcraft. during witch-hunting of 16th , 17th centuries, 300 persons burned. hundred of them vardø area. women in north, in finnmark, @ particular risk due clergy , authorities believing devil resided @ edge of world.


king christian v s norwegian law of 1687 described several capital crimes. law of 16 october 1697 increased penalty murders coupling torture executions. on way execution site convict pinched red hot tongs, , hand cut off prior decapitation.


modern use

until 19th century, lèse majesté result in capital punishment. 1815 inhumane forms of execution abolished, , decapitation or shooting remaining authorised methods. capital crimes premeditated or otherwise heinous murders treason.


norway abolished death penalty civilian crimes in 1905, retained military crimes in wartime.


during nazi occupation of norway (1940–1945), capital punishment introduced vidkun quisling s regime in september 1942, , first of total of nineteen executions carried out on 16 august 1943, when police officer gunnar eilifsen executed disobedience. before this, german law had applied, , 4 hundred norwegians had been executed.


in 1941, cabinet nygaardsvold exiled in london allowed death penalty after war, , expanded scope in 1942 cover torture , murder. legal purge followed occupation resulted in several death sentences, of 37 people, 25 norwegians , 12 germans, executed.


the last execution took place on 27 august 1948, when ragnar skancke put before firing squad @ akershus fortress.


european convention on human rights

in 1988 norway signed on protocol 6 of european convention on human rights bans use of capital punishment in peacetime , ratified protocol 13 bans use of capital punishment whatsoever in 2005. norway opposes capital punishment outside of country well. government has banished mullah krekar norway, has not sent him iraq due possibility of him being charged capital crimes in home county. in martine vik magnussen case, norway has declined cooperate yemenese government unless guarantee made death penalty off table.


constitutional prohibition

the constitution of norway extensively amended in may 2014. new article 93 in constitution explicitly prohibits capital punishment ( every person has right life. no 1 can sentenced death. ) along torture, inhumane or degrading punishments, , slavery, , compels government protect against these practices.








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