History Duchy of Krnov



krnov castle


when duke nicholas ii died in 1365, eldest son john inherited duchy of racibórz, while duchy of opava 1367 ruled jointly him , younger brothers nicholas iii, wenceslaus , přemek i. when in 1377 brothers divided opava heritage, eldest, john i, received newly established duchy of krnov bruntál estates. upon death in 1380/82, racibórz, krnov , bruntál inherited elder son john ii iron .


in 1384, duke john ii sold krnov piast duke władysław of opole, ceded luxembourg margrave jobst of moravia in 1390. after jobst had died in 1411, cousin emperor sigismund pawned krnov piast duke louis ii of brieg, in 1422 again ceded john ii, redeem pledge. 2 years later, duchy inherited sons wenceslaus ii , nicholas v, ruled jointly until 1437, when nicholas received krnov bruntál, pless, rybnik, loslau, , sohrau. upon death in 1452, krnov , loslau fell elder son john iv, while rybnik, sohrau , pless fell younger brother wenceslaus iii.


the přemyslid dukes lost krnov during bohemian–hungarian war in 1474 matthias corvinus, anti-king of bohemia, had john iv captured , arrested. after john s death in 1483, sister barbara, consort of duke jan iv of oświęcim, tried regain duchy; however, vladislav ii jagiellon, having prevailed bohemian king, had no intention return seized duchy enfeoffed chancellor johann von schellenberg krnov instead. agreement reached in 1492, when barbara s daughter helena married schellenberg s son george.


in 1523, george of schellenberg had sell krnov hohenzollern margrave george of brandenburg-ansbach, rely on hungarian inheritance of consort beatrice de frangepan, widow of matthias corvinus. 1532 margrave ruled on upper silesia, when inherited duchy of opole , racibórz piast duke jan ii good. had krnov castle rebuilt , introduced protestant reformation in silesia, having local teutonic knights, franciscans , minorites expelled. increasing power of protestant house of hohenzollern in silesian crown lands suspiciously eyed ferdinand of habsburg, bohemian king since 1526. nevertheless, george son margrave george frederick, ruled 1543, able keep duchy. conflict aggravated when george frederick died childless in 1603 , bequested krnov cousin elector joachim iii frederick of brandenburg, gave son johann georg in 1607. habsburg rulers regarded duchy reverted fief , after bohemian revolt , 1620 battle of white mountain emperor ferdinand ii confiscated hohenzollern possessions in bohemian lands. ferdinand s loyal supporter prince karl of liechtenstein, duke of opava since 1613, received krnov. both duchies merged in 1623 , subjected counter-reformation.



silesian principality of krnov, 1736 map


the house of hohenzollern never withdrew claims , more 1 hundred years later, krnov , racibórz possessions pretext prussian king frederick great start first silesian war, ending annexation of of silesia according treaty of breslau in 1742. while small northern part merged prussian duchy of opole, bulk of krnov remained bohemian crown part of austrian silesia. re-organised krnov district (krnovský kraj) 1751, dissolved after 1848 revolution, when austrian silesia raised status of cisleithanian crown land.








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